Farmers are the backbone of India’s prosperity. Their relentless efforts not only nourish the nation but also drive the rural economy, ensuring sustenance for every household. National Farmers’ Day, celebrated annually on December 23, pays tribute to their indispensable contributions. This significant day commemorates the birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh, India’s fifth Prime Minister, who was a staunch advocate for farmers’ welfare and a visionary leader for rural development. It is an occasion to honor their unwavering dedication and recognize their critical role in the nation’s growth.

Government Initiatives for Farmers’ Welfare

Recognizing the immense contributions of farmers, the Government of India has launched various programs aimed at their socio-economic upliftment and sustainable agricultural development. Initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN), Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), and Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maandhan Yojana (PM-KMY) provide financial support, risk mitigation, and social security. These schemes address both immediate challenges and long-term needs, reflecting the government’s commitment to empowering farmers and fostering a sustainable agricultural ecosystem.

Farmers: Pillars of India’s Economic Framework

Agriculture employs nearly half of India’s population, making it a cornerstone of the country’s economy and a driver of national development. The sector contributed 17.7% to the Gross Value Added (GVA) in FY 2023-24. Approximately 54.8% of India’s 328.7 million hectares is agricultural land, with a cropping intensity of 155.4% (as per 2021-22 Land Use Statistics). Beyond cultivation, farmers are pivotal to rural development, food security, and the livelihoods of millions.

In 2023-24, India achieved a record total foodgrain production of 332.2 million tonnes, surpassing the previous year’s output of 329.7 million tonnes. This remarkable achievement highlights the resilience and dedication of Indian farmers. Their contributions extend beyond producing crops; they form the backbone of rural economies, shaping resilient and self-sufficient communities.

Key Schemes for Agricultural Development

The Government of India has introduced several flagship programs to address the diverse needs of the agricultural sector. These include:

• PM-KISAN: Provides direct income support to farmers.
• PMFBY: Offers crop insurance to mitigate risks.
• PM-KMY: Ensures social security through pension schemes.
• Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme: Facilitates affordable credit.
• Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF): Supports infrastructure development for sustainable farming practices.

Enhanced Budget Allocations for Agriculture

Since 2014, the government has substantially increased its budget for agriculture. The allocation for the Department of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare has grown from Rs. 21,933.50 crore in 2013-14 to an impressive Rs. 1,22,528.77 crore in 2024-25. This significant increase reflects the prioritization of the agricultural sector, focusing on modern farming techniques, improved infrastructure, and financial support for various initiatives. This robust allocation underscores the government’s dedication to boosting agricultural productivity and rural prosperity.

Innovative Programs for Farmers

1. Namo Drone Didi Scheme: With an outlay of Rs. 1,261 crore for 2024-26, this initiative empowers 15,000 Women Self-Help Groups (SHGs) with agricultural drones for rental services. As of December 2024, Rs. 141.41 crore has been allocated for promoting Kisan drones.
2. Soil Health Card Scheme: Launched in 2015, this scheme enhances soil health and efficient fertilizer use. Over 24.60 crore cards have been issued to date, supported by a robust laboratory network.
3. Formation of 10,000 FPOs: Introduced in 2020 with a Rs. 6,865 crore budget, this initiative promotes collective farming and better market access. Over 9,411 Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) have been established, benefiting 26.17 lakh farmers.
4. Kisan Kavach: Unveiled in December 2024, this anti-pesticide bodysuit protects farmers from harmful pesticide exposure, demonstrating a commitment to their safety and well-being.
5. Clean Plant Programme: With a budget of Rs. 1,765.67 crore, this initiative improves the quality of horticulture crops through disease-free planting materials.
6. Digital Agriculture Mission: Approved in 2024 with an outlay of Rs. 2,817 crore, this mission advances digital agriculture initiatives, including crop estimation and public digital infrastructure.
7. Credit Guarantee Scheme for e-NWR Pledge Financing: Launched in 2024, this scheme provides Rs. 1,000 crore for post-harvest financing through electronic negotiable warehouse receipts (e-NWRs).
8. National Mission on Edible Oils: Aiming to achieve self-reliance in edible oils, this mission has a budget of Rs. 10,103 crore for 2024-31.
9. National Mission on Natural Farming: Approved in 2024 with a Rs. 2,481 crore budget, this scheme promotes chemical-free, natural farming practices.

Conclusion

India’s farmers are the foundation of its prosperity and growth. Through pioneering schemes and increased budget allocations, the government is steadfast in its commitment to their welfare. Programs like PM-KISAN and PMFBY, along with innovations like the Namo Drone Didi and Digital Agriculture Mission, are equipping farmers with the tools needed for success. As the nation commemorates National Farmers’ Day, it is vital to continue championing these ‘Annadatas,’ ensuring they remain empowered, secure, and integral to India’s development journey.